Explore histories of migration, citizenship and belonging in Germany and the U.S. over the centuries.
1935
Enactment of the Nuremberg Laws
To reshape Germany according to their racist ideals, the National Socialists enacted laws that redefined citizenship and laid the foundation for a "racial state."
The "Reich Citizenship Law" stripped Jews, Sint*izze und Rom*nja of German citizenship, establishing the legal framework for the systematic discrimination, persecution, and subsequent murder of millions of them.
The "Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor" prohibited marriages and sexual relations between individuals classified as "Aryans" and "non-Aryans" by the National Socialists, affecting Jews, Sint*izze, Rom*nja Blacks, and their relatives. Existing marriages were declared invalid.
The Nuremberg Laws were revoked by the Allied Control Council in 1945.
Racial biology education included the study of skull measurement.
Scene from the film "Kaiserhofstr. 12" (1980). The teacher wants to verify Valentin Senger's origin by measuring his head.
The second law is the Law for the Protection of "German Blood" and "German Honour". This law prohibited relationships between Jewish and non-Jewish men and women.
